
I think maybe my very best day in London was the day we went to see Windsor Castle. (It was on Tuesday, February 15. We returned to the U.S. on Wednesday.)
Windsor Castle is the largest inhabited castle in the world and the longest-occupied royal palace in Europe. It is more like a fortified town than a house: it covers thirteen acres, and includes the palace itself, a large chapel, housing for scores of the 500 people who work there, and a guard (and you will recall that by "guard," I do not mean "one guy". I mean, "a group of guys".)
Nobody knows exactly when Windsor was founded. It was one of a chain of castles established as a defensive ring by William the Conqueror in the 1070s and 80s to protect London. (If you have forgotten who William the Conquerer is, he was the first Norman king of England. He invaded England in 1066. We talked about him a bit last summer.)
Windsor is a good example of a motte-and-bailey castle. But you can call it motte-and-beezie for short.
Ha. :D
I was so excited to see Windsor that we were the first people to arrive that day! (You can get to Windsor from London's Paddington Station on a train that changes at Slough and gets in to Windsor & Eton Central in 30 to 40 minutes, total. They run pretty regularly.)
We pretty much had the place to ourselves for the first half hour or so. It was incredible. It is good to travel off-season, and to get to places first thing in the morning. I am not a morning person (AT ALL), but I make myself be one on vacation, and it is worth it. Groups started arriving about the time we left. Note the exciting lack of other people in the photos below. :)

The Castle contains a significant chunk of the Royal Collection (of art). The Royal Collection is managed from Windsor. It is worth more than 10 billion dollars.
It is unbelievable. I would just be standing inside one of the rooms in the Castle, looking out a window or at a piece of furniture or something, and look up and notice I was standing an inch away from some famous painting. I am sorry that I don't have photos of the interior to show you, but of course you're not allowed to do that. We were able to tour the Semi-State Rooms as well as the State Rooms, which was exciting, because the Semi-State Rooms (which are the private apartments created by George IV) are only open to the public sometimes during the winter months.
Queen Elizabeth spends most weekends, as well as a month over Eastertime and a week in June, at Windsor. She also likes to do much of her entertaining there. It is reported to be her favorite residence. When she is there, The Royal Standard flies. It looks like this:

When she is not there, the Union Jack flies.
She wasn't there. :)

If any of you have seen documentaries on Windsor (I recommend this one), or watched footage of Charles' and Camilla's wedding, you'll recognize the quadrangle here, where William and Harry threw rice on their car as they drove away. :) The quadrangle is not open to the public. I'm photographing it here through a window from inside the castle.
That thing with the clock on it is the entrance to the State Apartments, which are all along that north side.




The stone tower below (called The Round Tower even though it is a very wobbly type of round) is a good example of how castles evolved. The earthen motte (little hill) was constructed by William the Conqueror. Henry II began the circular(ish) stone keep on top of the motte. Jeffry Wyatville added the battlements to it (on behalf of George IV), because it improved the skyline.
I'm hoping Elizabeth II will add a nice pom-pom fringe to top it all off.

The moat around Windsor has always been dry. Nowadays, it's a pretty garden.



Here's a statue of King Charles II on horseback.
Do you see, to the far left of the picture, a big open arch? That is the George IV gateway, which is the main entrance to the Upper Ward (the Quadrangle) from the Long Walk. You'll see the Long Walk in a bit here.
Anyway, if you rent that video about Windsor from Netflix, you'll see Prince Philip and others driving in and out of Windsor through that gateway. They just pull their Range Rovers into the quadrangle, zip.

If any of you like aerial maps, this might help you orient yourself a bit. Top of the map is north. :) This shows you the Upper Ward/Quadrangle area. (The Lower Ward is to the left/west.)
You can click on it to make it bigger. The side of the quadrangle on the far right (east) are the Private Apartments, where the family actually lives when they are here. It looks out over the East Terrace, which has a lovely, symmetrical rose garden in it.

A pretty good chunk of my novel takes place at Windsor Castle, so I really needed to know it, and know where things were. It was so helpful to actually go there and see stuff.
These guards are marching close to where you enter for the interior tour of the castle. I was amazed at their focus. Bob and I were the only people out there, and they must have felt self-conscious with me clicking away like that.
The waiting area before the interior tour begins is a room full of some of the royal china. It's fun to look at while you wait to go in. You can also see Queen Mary's Dollhouse, which we did. It has working elevators in it. And lights. I wanted to play with it so bad. :)



Sweet yellow signs of spring. :)

See that plaque below? That's the emblem of the Order of the Garter. It says "Honi soit qui mal y pense," which is interpreted in modern times as "Shame on him who thinks this evil."
The Order of the Garter is the highest and oldest chivalric order in Britain. Edward III founded it in 1348. People are appointed to this Order solely at the discretion of the Queen. (She doesn't have a whole lot of decisions solely at her discretion, so I think that must be really fun for her.)
The number of knights in the Order of the Garter is limited to 24, plus "Royal Knights and Ladies of the Garter" who are those knights belonging to the Royal family. (Prince William became the 1,000 member of the Knight of the Order in 2008.)
Here is a list of the current members of the Order. You will probably recognize Margaret Thatcher's name. You may not recognize the name "Baroness Soames," but she is the youngest of Winston and Clementine Churchill's five kids.
The British Honours System is pretty complicated. (You're going to love this, Valeria. Ha.) You won't find "Sir Elton John" or any of those "celebrity" knights on the list of the Order of the Garter. There are several different chivalric orders, and there is also something called Knights Bachelor, which is the most basic rank for someone who has been knighted by the Queen. Sir Elton John, for instance, is a member of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire, which is why he has "CBE" after his name, and is a member of the Knights Bachelor, which is why he has "Sir" in front of his name.
Each year in June a procession and service take place at Windsor Castle for the Order of the Garter.

St. George's Chapel is independent of the Royal Household, but sits geographically within Windsor Castle. It's in the Lower Ward. It is one of the great masterpieces of English Perpendicular Gothic.


St. George's is the "spiritual home" of the Order of the Garter. It is what is known as a Royal Peculiar, which means that it falls directly under the Queen's jurisdiction, rather than under an Anglican bishop. This is a working church, with daily worship services that are open to everybody.
Queen Elizabeth's parents (King George VI and Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother)(I still haven't seen The King's Speech, by the way) are buried in a little chapel room that is inside St. George's. Princess Margaret's ashes are also there, and there is room on her parents' gravestone for her own name to be inscribed.
I liked the room, because it felt small and personal and familial amidst the splendor of Windsor.
One of the nicest things about our time at Windsor was that, because there were so few people there that early, all the guides and docents wanted to talk to us. They all had plenty of time to answer anything we wanted to know. I had a long, interesting talk with a woman in St. George's whom I would have liked to be friends with. She was so nice. She volunteers there twice a week.
One interesting plaque on the floor notes (almost casually and incidentally) that "In a vault beneath this marble slab are deposited the remains of Jane Seymour Queen of King Henry VIII (1537), King Henry VIII (1547), King Charles I (1643), and an infant child of Queen Anne."
If you have kept up with Henry and all his wives, you will know that Jane died a few weeks after the birth of her son (Edward VI) from childbirth complications, and was Henry's only wife to receive a proper Queen's funeral. He didn't have time to get mad at her and chop off her head. She is his only Queen to be buried with him. If you ask me, they should have just buried him by himself somewhere, off in a corner, or maybe out in a field. Or a horse stall. But nobody asked me. :)
I could talk about St. George's all day, because it was so neat, but you should just go see it yourself. I could have stayed inside it much longer, just looking at everything.
If you look at the columns on the roof, those are some of the Windsor Beasts. There are a total of 76 of these stone animals holding wind vanes and coats of arms. There are fourteen different animals, all associated with the Plantagenet & Tudor Royal families.
Bob is standing just to the left of the main entrance to the Chapel.


Do you see more Windsor beasts? There are also gargoyles lower down on the chapel.

This guard is not just for tourist show. None of them are.



This is the West front of St. George's chapel.

When we had toured the outside and inside of Windsor, we left the Castle and walked a few blocks down a bit to see The Long Walk. I have been waiting and waiting for ages to see it, and it did not disappoint me. The Long Walk links Windsor Castle to Snow Hill in Windsor Great Park. A copper statue of King George II atop a horse sits on Snow Hill. It is 2.64 miles from the Castle gate to the statue.
All that land you see (Windsor Great Park) used to be private deer hunting grounds for the castle. It still has a lot of deer in it, but it's open to the public now.

So when I was facing the Long Walk above, the Cambridge Gate entrance to Windsor (also known as the Royal Tradesman's entrance) shown below was to my back. Do you see that Royal Tradesman looking at me? :)

A guard at Windsor told us to check out this lovely pub called The Two Brewers. It is a few steps away from the Castle gate above. It was really great. Lots and lots of very interesting stuff on the walls, lots of interesting castle-related chatter going on, and the food and drink were fantastic.
We laughed so hard, because they had this typical pub sign displayed, which becomes quite funny, given their location:
Please be quiet when leaving the pub.
This is a residential area,
And we do not wish to disturb our neighbors.


The neighbors. Hee hee hee.

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